Business Class

  1. What does the company offer the customer?
  2. “Customer convenience” – opening hours, (in)convenient location;
  3. Customer service (meet/ does not meet/ exceeds customer expectations);
  4. Staff (too few / enough at peak times)
(trained, qualified, informed, friendly, courteous, helpful, quick, professional, smiling, intrusive(надокучливий, нахабний), pushy(надокучливий, нахабний), stressed, indifferent, loyal to company; with good/poor product knowledge)
  1. Queues, delivery;
  2. The right to be informed (not/ violated)
to carry out activities related to consumer education and information (a consumer corner/ notice board), to satisfy requirements for labelling goods (labels – attached, understandable; composition of goods – components, ingredients; expiry date), instructions for washing, cleaning and maintaining goods; instructions for using goods and storage conditions of goods; indication of the prices;

  1. Deception, fraud;
  2. The right to safety (risk to consumer health and safety), (a product has passed its expiry date/ is past its expiry date/shelf life);
  3. The right to choose (variety of goods);
  4. The right to a remedy (a guarantee, to exchange goods, a refund);
  5. Dealing with complaints (show their interest, try to find out the result the customer wants, show their sorry that the customer is upset)
  6. To have a transient/ loyal customer;
  7. Training their personnel;
  8. Measures to improve customer service

Do you know your consumer rights? Take our quiz to find out!

Q.1 You buy a birthday gift for your sister but later find that she was given the same thing by someone else. Are you entitled to take the gift back and get a refund?

  • Yes
  • Yes, but only if you have the receipt
  • No


Q.2 You buy a pair of jeans on sale. When you get home you discover a large tear. When you go back to the shop the manager points to a sign saying "No refunds on sale items". She refuses to give you your money back or provide a replacement pair of jeans. Can she do this?

  • Yes
  • Yes but only if you saw the sign before you bought the jeans
  • No


Q.3 How long is the "cooling off" period available to consumers who change their minds about goods they've bought from a retailer?

  • 24 hours
  • 7 days
  • 1 month
  • There is no cooling off period


Q.4 Your dishwasher develops a major fault which will cost $400 to repair. The 12 month manufacturer's warranty expired 3 weeks ago. Do you have to pay for the repairs?

  • Yes
  • No
  • It depends on the individual retailers repair policy


Q.5 You receive a flyer in the mail advertising a wide-screen TV for $999 - a very good deal. When you go to buy it the store apologises and explain that the flyer was wrong - the correct price is $1999! Do they have to sell the TV to you at the lower advertised price?

  • Yes
  • No


Q.6 You buy a printer at a computer auction. When you get it home it doesn't work at all - and when you demand your money back, the auction company says "tough luck". Do they have to give you a refund?

  • Yes
  • Yes, unless there there was a sign at the auction stating that all goods are sold "as is"
  • No


Q.7 You try to use a gift voucher from last year's birthday, but the retailer says their vouchers expire after six months. They point out the expiry date printed on the back of the voucher. Can they refuse to honour the voucher?

  • Yes
  • No


Q.8 Your car repair bill is fair for the work done but you just don't have the money until payday. The garage refuse to let you take the car until you have paid for the repairs in full. Can they do this?

  • Yes
  • Yes, but only if the repair bill is for more than $1000
  • No


Q.9 You accept a $1200 quote for a plumbing job. The plumber does the work and then bills you $1850. He says the job took longer than he expected. Do you have to pay the new amount?

  • Yes
  • Yes, unless you have a written quote
  • No


Q.10 You put a leather jacket on layby, but the next day you realise you can get the same jacket much cheaper elsewhere. When you try to cancel the layby, the retailer tells you he's keeping the $100 deposit you paid. Can he do this?

  • Yes
  • Not if you can prove that the jacket can be bought much cheaper elsewhere
  • No

Here are the answers...

Question 1

Q. You buy a birthday gift for your sister but later find that she was given the same gift by someone else. Are you entitled to take the gift back and get a refund?
Answer: No
Why? Normally, all sales are final and the retailer is under no obligation to provide a refund. You can return a product only if it fails to live up to the guarantees set out in the Consumer Guarantees Act. If you simply change your mind, then all you can do is tell the supplier and politely ask for your money back. Some retailers will give you a refund, to promote good relations with customers - but this is more than they are legally required to do.

Question 2

Q. You buy a pair of jeans on sale. When you get home you discover a large tear. When you go back to the shop the manager points to a sign saying "No refunds on sale items". She refuses to give you your money back or provide a replacement pair of jeans. Can she do this?
Answer: No
Why? Sale items are covered by the Consumer Guarantees Act in the same way as any other goods (unless you are told of any faults before you buy the goods) and retailers can't contract out of the Act.

Question 3

Q. How long is the "cooling off" period available to consumers who change their minds about goods they've bought from a retailer?
Answer: There is no cooling off period
Why? There is no general "right of return". As in question 1, you can only return a product if it fails to live up to the guarantees set out in the Consumer Guarantees Act. Note however that the situation is slightly different if you are buying on hire purchase - see our guide to borrower's rights.

Question 4

Q. Your dishwasher develops a major fault which will cost $400 to repair. The 12 month manufacturer's warranty expired 3 weeks ago. Do you have to pay for the repairs?
Answer: No
Why? The retailer should repair the machine free of charge. Under the Consumer Guarantees Act, retailers must guarantee that the goods they sell are of an acceptable standard and fit for their purpose. If you have used your dishwasher in a normal fashion, it should not have a major breakdown after just one year. Note that manufacturers' warranties are in addition to your rights under the Act.

Question 5

Q. You receive a flyer in the mail advertising a wide-screen TV for $999 - a very good deal. When you go to buy it the store apologises and explain that the price in the flyer was a mistake - the correct price is $1999! Do they have to sell the TV to you at the lower advertised price?
Answer: No
Why? Retailers are free to accept or reject any offer to buy as they choose. They have no obligation to sell at any price. See our guide to contract law.

 Note, however, that it would need to be a genuine mistake - the Fair Trading Act prohibits false representations, but recognises "reasonable mistakes".

Question 6

Q. You buy a printer at a computer auction. When you get it home it doesn't work at all - and when you demand your money back, the auction company says "tough luck". Do they have to give you a refund?
Answer: No
Why? The Consumer Guarantees Act does not apply to goods bought at auction.

 Auction goods may be covered by the Sale of Goods Act, which requires goods to be of merchantable quality. However, auction houses can opt out of that law (and usually do). But it's not all bad news. Auctioneers are covered by the Fair Trading Act. That means they can't say or do anything that misrepresents or misleads you about the goods on sale or the auction process. For more information, see our guide to your rights at auctions.

Question 7

Q. You try to use a gift voucher from last year's birthday, but the retailer says their vouchers expire after six months. They point out the expiry date printed on the back of the voucher. Can they refuse to honour the voucher?
Answer: Yes
Why? A retailer can give a time limit for the use of a voucher. Any expiry date must be clearly marked on the voucher. Retailers can't enforce an expiry date that wasn't obvious when the voucher was bought. For more information, see our guide to gift vouchers.

Question 8

Q. Your car repair bill is fair for the work done but you just don't have the money until payday. The garage refuse to let you take the car until you have paid for the repairs in full. Can they do this?
Answer: Yes
Why? Repairers have a legal right to hold goods (such as motor vehicles) until they have been paid for work they have done on them. This is known as a repairer's lien.

Question 9

Q. You accept a $1200 quote for a plumbing job. The plumber does the work and then bills you $1850. He says the job took longer than he expected. Do you have to pay the new amount?
Answer: No
Why? You and the plumber entered into a binding contract for the job. The work to be done and the price were agreed beforehand so neither of you can unilaterally change the terms in your contract. For more information, see our guide to hiring a tradesperson.

Question 10

Q. You put a leather jacket on layby, but the next day you realise you can get the same jacket much cheaper elsewhere. When you try to cancel the layby, the retailer tells you he's keeping the $100 deposit you paid. Can he do this?
Answer: No
Why? Under the Layby Sales Act the customer can cancel at any time and is entitled to the return of any money paid. However, the shop can deduct "selling costs" (not normally more than $15) and any "loss of value" from the refund. For more information, see 

Marketing. Advertising. Project Sample
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B0fTqi48HPZhQS1RVEVyS1pxek0/view?usp=sharing




Retailing. Wholesaling. (Project Plan)


1.      What kind of retail outlet is it?
2.      Its location.
3.      Its layout. Why is it convenient / inconvenient?
4.      What product(s) do they sell? (item, quality, environmentally sound, good value money)
5.      Do products come through direct or indirect marketing channels?
6.      Do they have more than one wholesaler?
7.      Do they maintain a high level of service? How?
8.      How do they promote their goods?
9.      Their threats, opportunities, strengths and weaknesses.

Project Sample






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